Glazed structure



(No Model.) 5 sheets-sheet 1.

W. HOOLSON. GLAZBD STRUCTURE. No. 429,875. l Patented Jun 3, 1890.

A TTOHNE YS (No Model.)

5 Sheets'-Sheet v2. w. H. COULVsoN. v GLAZED STRUGTURE. l NO'- 429,375- y .Patented June 3, 1890..

l /Nl/ENTUH;

A TTU/QNEYS 4.. t e e h S. S t nu nu h S .5 .B. NR 0U sw L Um ,0T CS .D Hm .A4 WL G m. d 0 M 0 m No. 429,375. Patented June Y3, 1890.

/N VEA/fof? ATTORNE ifs A Nirrnn @STATES PATENT GFF-ICE.

GLAZED STRUCTURE.

SPECIFICATION forming partof. Letters Patent No. 429,375, dated.` June3,'1x890.

Application filed January 24, 1890.

To all whom it may concern.:l

' Be yit known that l, WILLIAM HERBERT COULSON, of Jersey City, in the county o f Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Glazed Structures, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description. My invention relates to an improvement in4 glazed structures, and has for its object to lay i lle glass or similar' substance in a metallic frame' without the use of putty; and a further object of the invention is to accomplish this result inv a very simple and practical manner and also to provide eifectually for t-he disposal of water falling upon the structure ,and of condensed vapors.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of the several parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed ont in the claims.

-Refcrence is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thislspeciiication,

yin which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.' 2 5 Figure 1 is a p'lan view of a conservatory or glazed structure built in accordance with my invention'and partly broken away. Fig. 2 is an end View of the'said structure. Fig. 3 is v anen'larged transverse vertical section taken n-linc I 1 in Fig. '1.' Fig.4 is a still more enged transverse broken sectional view taken' A; I e gable end of the ridge-bar of the structrez-1. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through ornent the lap-joints of the longitudinalbars' of the strucimre,A taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 7, which View is drawn to alarger scale. Fig. 6 is an enlarged transverse section taken atthe eaves of the structure and through one of the longitudinal roof-bars thereof. Fig. 7 is an enlarged transverse sectional View .acrossl lap-bar, and taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1.,? Fig. 8 is a transverse section across one of the longitudinal rem-bars, takenon line 4 4 in f pagi'tsrof the upper .and lower members ofthe longitudinalroof-bars. 'gFigL 11's a sectional Sei-side' elevation of onefoffthe hip-bars ofthe adopted'with advantage in building'the "side two of the longitudinal roof-.bars lat the glasSj-'y the structure under the eaves-frame bar 0.2,' v4and-tothe outside of this bar a2 is bolted or' -roo'and adjacent parts. Fig. .12 fis aplan Serial'lllo. 337,928. (No modela) View of the outer endvof -the hip-bar and adr. jacent parts of the eaves-bar. Fig. 13 is al'nv gitudinal sectional view of the lower endof the hip-bar, and taken on the line 6 6 in Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is a detailjbrokon plan View of a portion of the lap-bars A Fig. 14 is an en-y larged cross-section -of the lap-bar. FigjI is a longitudinal vertical sectional -view at the gable end of the ridge of the structure, and 6o taken on the line 7 7 lin Fig. 4. Fig. 16 is a y side elevation of the gable endet the vridge f with the outer longitudi nal roof bar and frame in transverse` section' on the line 8 8 in Fig. 1. Fig. 17 is a transverse vertical section of thev hip-bar, taken onthe line 9 9 in Fig. 11-. Fig. 18 is a perspective viewof a part of the eaves-i bar, and Fig. 19 shows a transverse section and modified form of the longitudinal roof or glazing bars of the structure.

' My invention relates more especially to the roofs oi glazedstructures-such as conservatories or greenhouses, skylights and the like; but certain parts of the invention maybe Walls of such structures.,y Figs. l Aand 2 of the drawings represent top and gable end views of a glazed structure of this class, but drawn to a small scale, and to show in a general diagrammatic manner aA conservatory about twenty-three feet long and fifteen feet wide and, built almost entirely of 'iron and glass.

The frame A of the structure is made mainly of angle-iron sustained by aV suitable sill-plate a, from Whichrise angle-iron posts a', to which posts Vare connected the eaves-frame bars a2, andv from which angle-iron rafters as extend to the roof ridge-piece, which consists, preferablyguof two angle-iron bars a4. One or more intermediate angle-iron purlins a5 are used asrli'e width of the roof requiresthe pitch of the roof each way' from the ridgepiece and ydown the hip tothe eavesbeing about thirty p degrees. vThe several parts of the frame are secured .together by a bolted plate or angleiron-brace a},as clearly shown in the larger detail views of -the drawings. A ilat metalbrace-bar a7 extends around- IOC secured a wooden. rail ai, having n ,yetieal outer face and aslanting upper edge to properly sustain the sheet-,metal main gutter and eaves-bars of the structure, as hereinafter explained.

At the vertical gable end of the structure a couple of wooden rails or strips a9 are fastened to the metal frame neXt the outermost rafters a3, which provide a bearing for the two longitudinal sheet-metal glazing-bars at that end of the structure, and also separate sheet-metal ilashings a1,each of which enters a groove in the longitudinal bar and extends down over the face of the wooden rail abeing bent'in at the bottom to finish next or at a groove 0.11,produced in the lower edges of 1 the bars a, and a 'like groove a12 is formed in the lower edge of the wooden eaves-rail as, intended, as is the groove a, to receive t-he top of the glass, -the weatherboarding or sheathing A of the side walls of the structure, as shown in Figs. 3, 6,15, and 16.

In the structure shown in Eigs. l and 2 of the drawings there is but one purlin between the ridge and the eaves, andthe roof-glass is lapped but once between these points, two sheets B of glass-say twenty-two by fort-y inchesin area-extending the full length of one slanting side of the roof; but the intermediate dotted lines at the right-hand corner of Fig. 1 indicate that the roof-glass may be only about one-half the length above named. Wherever the glass lapsa lap-bar of peculiar construction is provided, as presently described. i

In explaining the further numerous details of my invention I will first particularlypde- .scribe one of the longitudinal sheet-metal glass holding or glazing bars C relatively with the intermediate lap-bar D, the lower sheet-metal eaves-bar E, the gutter F, and

the ridge-bar G, and later I will explain the detailed construction of the ridgebar and the corner roof-bar H at the hipped or slanting end ot the roof and their correlated parts.

The details of construction ot' the longitudinal glazing-bars C is perhaps best shown in Figs. 3 to 10, inclusive, of the drawings. Each of these bars consists of two parts, a lower part C', which for convenience I call the rail, and an upper part c', which I term the cap The rail is made from a strip of sheet metal, preferably galvanized iron, and is ordinarily concaved along its bottom, Whence'the meta-l is bent upward, forming oppositeparallel sides C2 C2, and then the metal is bentinward from each side to form directly from the sides C2 of the rail to its gutters C5 C5 with a series of holes C6, allowing the' drip or passage of water `of condensation from the under side of the glass B, or

of any'water which may perchance drive in beneath the bar-cap c around the edge of the glass to the interior of vthe bar-rail, down which'it will flow to the eaves-bar and gutter. By thus corrugating each ledge C3 of the rail to form in it two parallel gutters I also obtain two independent bearing points or plates b Vb for each sheet of glass B,or one bearing at each side of each gutter C5 of the rail. This double bearing for each `sheet of glass is most desirable and materially assists in holding it securelyin place when clamped by the bar-cap and nut and bolt, as presently explained. The bar-cap c' is bent from, one piece of sheet metal, the edges of which are shaped into the loops c4 c, receiving the barrail flangesor tongues C4 C, as above explained. Outside of these loops c4 c4 eachside part of the cap is bent horizontally to form a channeled or grooved Hat bottom portion c3, and laterally beyond this in bent upward and then downward and outward to forni an angular chamber or groove c2, into which enters the hook end 'i of a clamping-nut I, which is slipped into the cap from its open end, and is then pushed along byan inserted rod to the place where it isrequired to act upon the cap. The top portion of the bar-cap is transversely convexed, and the nut I is shaped to conform to it and has a central pendent stem` which passes between the loops c4 c"l and is bored and adapted to receive the upper screw-` threaded en'd of a bolt or bolt end J, which is passed upward through a holej in the bottoni of the bar-rail. Upon this bolt J, inside of lits nut k, is placed a suitable spring, preferably a spring-plate K, which, while a1lowing the bar-cap c' to be pressed down upon the glasses BB to clamp them between the rail and cap with sufficient firmness to give `iecurity, will also yield sufficiently after the bolt-nut is tightened as much as it should be to accommodate all contraction or expansion of the metal of the bar .to hold the glass properly and without danger of breaking it,

irrespective of more or less sudden or ex-` treme changes of temperature.

It willbe noticed thatthe channclsor grooves c2 c3 of the bar-cap c. provide two independ ent bearings b b2 ofthe cap on each sheet of glassB held in the bar, andthat the loops c, the flanges Chaud the bolt-fastenings allow use of the same-sized glazing-bar with glass of different thickness-say from `one-eighth to th ree-eights of an inch thick-*without danger of excessive passage of water into the interior of the bar` as the anges C" will still enter vor be lapped'by the loops c4 even when the thickest glass is employed. 4 Y

`I here especially 1n eution the preferred concaved forni of the betteln of the bar-rail C.

IOC)

as it not only holds'the preferred plate-springs K against turning around out of eifective operative position, but it also prevents leakage of water into the interiorof the structure through thehole j, through which the cap-fastenin g bolt J passes, as this hole is in the arched cen- 4 tral part of the barfrail, which is considerably higher than the two gutters each side of it,

' and down which the water entering the rail j and main gutter.

l Iure, whereby lateral oscillation of the bar is 3S;- @part at each side formed with grooves'or re- A except by breaking the glass. p

prevented, and this materially enhances the stability ofv the entire structure. Another important advantage of this bar and mode of cap c positively prevents lateral spreading ofv the cap and also of thevrail C', the flanges C4 of whichl enter the cap-loops'ci. i

I will hererefer to the modified form of the longitudinal glazing-bars shown in Fig. 19 of the drawings. This -bar differs from the one lastabove described only in the form of the cap, which, instead -of having its lower y cesses c2 b2 and 100D 04,15 formed Simp 1y with "one groove or recess c5, (like the one c2, but

larger,) and with a dependent flange c6, which lies outside the upturned ilangeor tongue C4 of the bar-rail. 'lhelfastening-nut I, bolt J,

- and nut and spring k and Kare used substantiallyas above described, and the nut I 'prevents lateral spreading of both the cap and the rail of the bar. v f

Fig. 9 ofthe drawings shows that the lower s end or face ofthe clamp-nut I is concaved or countersunk at c" towardl the screw- `threaded `hole receiving the bolt J and in a Thedirection lengthwise of the glazing-bar. object of this concavity is to allow the clamp-nut to be more easily shifted along to nd position within the glazing-bar by means yof an .Lawl or rod, for instance, inserted through the bolt-hole)l of the bar from beneath,

to properly set the clamp-nut t'o bring itsthreaded bore directly in line with the bolthole j to assure` easy adjustment of the bolt J from beneath the bar. rlphis final adjustmeut of the clamp-nut I ismade after it is shifted along to an approximately proper position by the rod inserted at or from the endy of the bar. This approximately proper position of the clam p-n ut may be assured bjrpush-l ing it along within thebaruntl it Strikes an awl or rody passednpward. through the. bar bolt-hole whereupon'the' awl or rod may itself be passed into the countersink t" of the nut and into the tapped hole thereof to 'iinally adjust the clamp-nut to receive the bolt, as'

above described.

I will next describe the construction at the lap-joint of the glass, and wherethe lap-bar D is used in combination with the longitudinal glazing-bar C. It willbe understood that in skylights or in other comparatively small glazed structures the bars C and sheets of glass B will extend clear from the ridge. to

the eaves; but in larger structures one .or

more laps of glass may be required, and in this constructionl prefer to make the glazing-bars in two or more lengths and join them at the glass lap or lapsand immediately above the purlin. I will explain the construction of the lap-joint with lnore particular reference to Figs. 3, 5, 7, and 13 of the draw' ings, as follows: The lap-bar D will ofcourse extend the whole length of the rootl at'the glass laps, and where the structure is too-long for one length of lap-bar this bar will be formed of two or more aligned bars. In -the conservatory shownthe lap-bar is formed of two parts the adjacent ends of which are separated a little about at the center of one of the glazing-bars C, as shown at the righthandend of Fig. 7 of the drawings, and for a purpose presently explained. The lap-bar D has a peculiar cross-sectional form.' (Best shown in Figs. 5, 14, and 11N.) It is bent from a sheet of metal preferably somewhat thinner and more ductile than the metal of the longitudinal glazing-bars C, with which it connects. The upper flat portion d of the lap-bar forms a bed or support 'for the lower end of the upper sheet of glass B, and isv provided with an upturned rear flange d', which forms a stop to prevent the glass from slipping downward. At the forward or upper edge it has a downward bend d2, which forms a stop to the upper end of the lower sheet of glass B, and from this downward bend the met-al is bent rearward and then upward to form a gutter d3 under the upper end of the glass, which rests on top of the verticallydoubled bend orl flange d4 of the lnetalwhich forms the lower side wall of said gutter. The

top of the lower sheet of glass is always supposed to fit 'rather closely between the top "flange d*l the metaljis'bent downward and then rearward, and finally upward at d5 at a point a little beyond or above the upper wall of the gutter di to form below it a second gutter d6. Atintervals of about a footf(more or less) the bottom or floor of the-lap-bar gutter da is perforated, as at (ZT, to allow free fall or dow into the lower gutter d of any water. `which may perchance beat into said gutter d* .under the lap-barpart or plate d, and over ast the topof .the lower sheet of glass, and gie bottom or door of thelower gutter-,is per- IOO forated at' d only within the lower rails of.

the longitudinal bars C, through which the lap-bar passes, to allow all drip from the lapbar to pass into the longitudinal bars and thence downward to the main gutter.

The especial object of carrying the iioor of the lower gutter d and its upper iiange d forward beyond the wall d2 is to give entrance to the gutter d, past the wall d2, of water-'of condensation which would collect on and flow down the inner face of the upper sheet of glass, and allow the lap-bar to carry o this water also, to the longitudinal' bar and thence or back of the lap-bar wall d4, as shown in Figs. 14: and 14% In tting the lap-bar to the longitudinal. glazing-bars Ythe lower part or rails of the bars are cut away at their upper parts to allow the lap-bar or its two gutter portions d8 and dto-be fitted in or through the longitudinal glazing-bar at this joint, which is formed bylapping the end portions of the upper and lower sections of the glazing-bar, and

a bolt c7, passed through said lap ends, and

an interposed packing L, and -the purlin a5,

on which they rest. 'lhe lower end of the upper portion of the longitudinal glazing-bar laps above and within the upper end of the lower part of the bar, so as to conduct water safely past the joint on its way from the ridge to the eaves of the structure. y

An important feature of my invention, pertaining to the upper and lower longitudinal bar-sections C C and the lap-bar D, is that the rails C C of bath `bar-sections bear snugly and closely on the under side of the respectf ive upper and lower glasses B B. As the upper glass rests on the flat part d of the lapbar, which itself rests upon the lower glass,

it is manifest that as the lower rail C of the upper and lower sections of the longitudinal glazing-bars are of like size the packing L, which is interposed between the lapped ends of the upper and lower sections of the longitudinal glazin`gbars, should be about as thick as the upper sheet of glass and the part d of the lap-bar.

The packing, which may be of rubber or any other suitable material, is' closely held in place at the lap-joint by the bolt c7, the nutof which is also inside the house, so that itcannot be tampered with from the outside. The lower end ofthe cap c of the upper glazingn bar section is lapped some little distance at cs onto the upper end part of the lower bar section cap', to `which the lap-bar flange d forms astopi'nsetting the glass. I especially mention thefact that with lo'ngitudinalglaz-`- ing-bars and a lap-bar constructed as abovey described the opposite sideedges of every sheet of glass may be parallelxwith the side arrangement of the longitudinal bars C and lap-bar D are-such that' there is'no lateral or side lappings of upper and lower lengthsof a' longitudinal barv where the edges of the upper and lower glass sheets would be obliged to cross laterally-lapped parts of longitudinal glazing-bars, as in other systems of glazing of this general character; and the side edges of the glass sheets may be, if desired, fitted much more snugly sidewise, or quite closely to the longitudinal bar-flanges C4 all the 'way down the roof from the ,ridge tothe eaves irrespective of the number of. lap-bars D' which may be employed. 'v

' I will now particularly describe the construction at the eaves of the structure, but not at the hip-bar H, andwith Inoreparticu- Y lar reference to Figs. 3, 6, and 18 of the drawings, as follows: The -eaves-bar'E, which is formed from sheetmetal, may be fastened directly tothe wooden eaves rail or strip a8 and the eaves-frame bar-a2; but I prefer torst lay the inner bentpart of the main gutter -F onto the parts a8 and a2 4and bend the inner end of the gutter' around and under the inner end of the bar a2, as shown at f, and'then lay the eaves-bar E onto the gutter, and secure alllto the frame by eye clamp-bolts M and ordinary bolts N, as presently described. The eaves-bar E has a pendent trough or gutter portion e, which is piercedat intervals with a series of holes e at the bottom to allow water passinginto it fromthe glazingbars C to flow off to the main gutter F. The main body or plate portion'e? of. the eaves bar, which rests on the gutter-flange or on the eaves-frame bar a2, is extended inward from the gutter e for4 a few inches, and atits rear edge the metal is bent upward to form a wall e3, which at its upper edge is lpreferably provided withan outbent ange e4, which bearsagainst the under face of )the glass B and shuts out from the interior of the structP ure air which would otherwise enter it' through the water-drip holes or passages e. Where the longitudinal glazing-bars C meet the IOO IIO

eaves-bar, the latter is cut out 'at e5 to allow the bar C t-o lie on the plate e2 for substantial support, and also to allow the bar C to bear at its outer end against the outer wall es'gof the eaves-bar, which where the bar C strikesy Were the inner-wall liange e" glass and exclude air, which'would otherwise y enter the structure through thedrip-holes e',-

but the use of this flange e* is preferable, as

it has a more or less elastiobearing upon the glass, which maintains comparatively close or tight joints of the eaves-bar therewith.

In fastening the eaves-bar and main gutter, and consequently securing the longitudinal bars and the glass, I prefer to re-enforce the outer plate-e6 of the eaves-bar by a clipplate O, through which and a holeo in said plate e6 the outer screw-threaded end of the boltM is passed from `inside the eaves-bar. Thisbolt M lies within the rail C' of the flongitudinal bar C, and at its inner end has an eye or loop m, through which is passed the fastening-bolt N, which also passes through the eaves-bar and gutter-flanges and the eaves-frame bar or angle-iron a2, and when A -fromthe bars to the eaves-bar and gutter..

the nut fn of the bolt N is tightened below the` bar a2 and the nut m of the bolt M is tightened outside the clip-plate 0 the entire structure at the eaves will be substantially secured.

The lower part of the rail C"of each ofthe longitudinal glazing-bars O is preferably cut out or away at o9 to allow free flow of water This allows ,the bar-railsC'-to abut the eavesbar wall e6and somewhat relieves the vdragging strain on the fastening-bolts.

I will next particularly describe the .construction of the straight metal ridge barv or piece G and the relation of the glazing-bars C therewith as follows, and with more especial reference to Figs. 1, 3, 4, l5, and 16: At the point of junction ot' the main ridge-bar G with the two diagonally-slanting hip-bars H I-I of the roof I prefer. fo fasten to the frame a suitable ornamentalfcreSt-or iinial P, to'

which the three bars G H'v and II are fitted, the bar G being abutted against and soldered to the inner dat vertical face of the ornament. The ridge-bar G is made, preferably, from one sheet 'of metal bent laterally each way from its center tolform the transversely-arched cap g, frolneach lower edge of which lthe metal is bent back or doubled onto itself to increase the stiffness of the lbar to a point g', and thence the metal is bent downward and inward at g2 toward a vertical line to a point the ridge-bar.

g3, where the metal is doubled upon itself to form a gutter g, the outer wall or liange g5 of which is apertured at g6 at the-center of each of the longitudinal glazing-bars C, which are slipped into openings O10, formed by cutting away'the upper outer doubled part of From the point g3 the metal is again bent downward in the plane of the part g2 about to the transverse center' of the ridgebar, and thence the metal is finally bent downward and outward at g7 about in line with the planeof the pitch of the roof, and so that each side flange gl rests firmly upon one of the ridge-piece angle-irons a4, to Iwhich both flanges are' secured by bolts g8, whichl also pass'through and secure the railslC of the longitudinal glazing-bars C to the ridge angle-irons. By reason ofthe gutter g4 having an outlet in'the'various glazing-barsany water that may'enter' between' the ridge-bar tending upwardthereinfand re-enforcing plates g9 and gl0 placed one at each side of the flashing, as illustrated -in Fig. 15. The plates and the flashing are held in position by a clamp-bolt g, threadedat'its outer end and lprovided with an eye at-its inner end, the threaded extremity being passed through the flashing and the 1re-,enforcing plates and provided outsideof' the same with a lock-nut g?. The clamp-bolt is retained in the' horizontal position within the ridge-bar by a tiebolt gw, which passes through the eye of the said clamp-bolt and the walls g2 of the ridgebar. (See'Figs. 4 and l5.)

'lhe'glazing-bars C at the gable end of the structure arenot held together by clamping l"gitudinal groove in its under face, straight. -parallel sides C2, and the upper apertured gutters C5. The iianges'C, however, are bent at an angle upward, as best shown in Fig. 17. The cap-section is much larger at it's lower end, the cylindrical upper portion remaining the same. The glass B abuts withythe flanges which extend above them, and the-lower or body portion of .the cap h is curved horizontally outward from its junction with the cylindrical portion, and the sides extend downward to Ia contact with the glass, the said sides being provided with recesses hto receive and lit to the` contour of= they; approaching ends of the glazing'ba1s,as. shown in Fig. 11. l

The eaves-bars E form a miter at thelower ends of the hip-bars, and therefore angular cover-plates l1,2 are employed to close the IOO Iflo

lower `extremities of the hip-bars, which cover- .plates-'lare held in contaetwith the latter and the eaves-bars in similar manner as the coverplates of the glazingbars are retained ln'positiOn.

It will lbe observed that a 'roof constructedas herein set forth is extremely strong and durable, and that such amplev provision is' made for the conduct of rainor melted snow or vapor to the eaves-trough from every portion .of the roof Athat leakage of any description is 'rendered almost-impossibe.. x

It will be further observed that the glass is held iirxnly to place in a simple and eiective manner, and that no rough vor unprotected joints occur at any point, even where the glass plates overlap and the short lengths of the lap-bars, and glazing and hip bars,when used, are connected. Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- '-1 1. In a glazed struct-ure, the combination, with a hollow ridge-bar and series of hollow glazing-bars having a connection with the ridge-bar, of eaves-bars located beneath the lower extremities of the glazing-bars,and an eaves-trough located beneath the eaves-bar, communication being established between the glazing-br-trs, the eayes-bars, and the eavestrough, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a glazed structure, the combination, with a hollow ridge-bar provided with a longitudinal gutter, and glazing-bars constructed in two hollow sections connected at their upper ends with the ridge-bar and provided with gutters having, communication with `the interior, of eaves-bars located beneath the lower ends of the glazing-ba1's,provided with an apertured trough-section, having commu- .nication with the interior of the glazing-bars, an eaves-trou gh located beneath the eaves-bars .to receive the drip therefrom, and glass panes having their edges tied between the sections of the glazing-bars, 'the outer wall of the eaves-bars forming a stop for the lower ends of the glass panes, substantially as `shown and described.

3. In a glazed structure, the combination,

with a hollow ridge-bar provided with longitudinal gutters, glazing-bars constructed in lengths, each length being formed of two hollowsections having a space between them, the lower wall of.which space is provided with an apertured gutter leading to the interior, and lap-bars fastened to the glazingbars at the overlapping of their lengths, the said lap-'bars being formed with an upper supporting-section and two gutter-sections located one below the other, the said guttersections having .communication with each other and with the interior of the rglazingbars, of eaves-bars located beneath the lower ends of the glazing-bars, provided with au aperturcd gutter-section and having communication with the interior ot the glazingbars, eaves-troughs located beneath the eavesfbars, and hip-'bars receiving the ends of several of the glazing-bars, the said hip-bars being constructedV in -essentially a similar manner to the glazing-bars, substantially as shown andl described. l.

' 4. In a glazed structure, aglazing-bar consisting of a lower rail-section provided at its with loops adapted to receive the flanges of the4 rail-section, substantially as shownV and described.

" ter with a gutter having openings therein and an -essentially vertical fiange at the in-y ner side of the gutters, and a tubular cap having communication with the interior of therail, the under'surface whereof extends essertially horizontally over the gutter-sur face of the rail-section, the said under surface of the cap-section terminating at each side of its center with a loop to receive flanges of the rail-section, substantially as specified.

6. In a glazed structure, the combination,

with the tubular body or vrail of a glazing-bar provided at its upper face with apertured gutters and an upwardly-extending flange at each side Vof yits center, of a tubular cap-section provided .with an essentially horizontal "under surface near its sides and loops adapted `having essentially angular outer edges and provided with a central opening lin its under surface and a loop and horizontal surface at each side of the opening, transparent panes inserted between the contiguous surfaces of thevcap and rail over 4the gutter of the latter to a bearing against its flanges, and means, substantially as described, for binding the panes between the sections of the glazing-bar and tying the said sections to each other, substantially as specified. f

8. In a glazed structure, the combination,

,with the tubular body or rail of a glazing-bar having an opening at its top, and the walls of which opening are flanged upward and provided with apertured gutters between the .anges and the upper outer side walls, of a IOO IIO

9. In a glazed structure, the combination, t

with a glazing-bar consisting of a hollow essentially rectangular bod y or rail section hav# ing an opening in its top,'a flange at each side of thev opening anda gutter near said flanges, and a hollowcap-section having a cylindrical upper surface and an opening in its under face, the walls whereof contact with the rail-lianges, the said cap-section` boing also provided with essentially angular lower side edges, of a clamping-nut shaped to the cylindrical contour ot' the cap and provided with a shank having a threaded bore extendinf,r downward into the rail-section, and a tie-v bolt passed through the bottom of the railsection into the shank-bore of the nut, substantially as shown and described.

10. In a glazed structure, the combination,

1o .with a glazing-bar consisting'of a hollow essentially rectangular bodyor rail section having an opening'in its topa flange at each side of the opening and a gutter near said flanges, and a hollow cap-section having a cylindrical upper surface and an opening in its under face, the walls whereof contact with the rail-fianges, the said cap-section being also provided with essentially angular lower side edges, of a clamping-nut shaped to the cylindrical contour of the cap. and provided with a shank having'an interior bore integral with its under surface,- a bolt passed through thebottom of the rail-section into the shank of the nut and provided with a lock-nut at its lower end, and a spring located between said nut and the bottom of the rail-section, substantially as shown and described, and for `the purpose specified.

l1. In a glazed structure, the combination, with a glazing-bar consisting ot' a tubular. lower orrail-sectiou havin'g'a convexed bottom and a cap-section provided with a cylindrical upper surface having communication and contact with the rail-section, of a clamping-nut shaped to the cylindrical contour of the cap and provided with an integral shank having a concaved lower end and a threaded bore, a bolt threaded at both ends passed through thc bottom of. the rail into the bore of the clamping-nut, a spring-plate inserted upon the lower end of the bolt, having a bear-v ing against'the under concaved surface of the rail-section, and a lock-nut binding the spring to place, substantially as shown and described.

12. In a glazed structure, a lap-bar consisting of fiexible metal bent to form an upper platform providedwith a fiange at one side, a gutter beneath said platform, and a second or lower gutter extending beneath the lirst gutter, substantially as specified.

13. In a glazed structure, alap-bar adapted to seal and support the opposed edges of' glass panes, lconsisting ot' a metal-plate bent to form an upper platform provided with a fiange at one side, a perforated gutter be- `neath the same', having one side of less height than the other, and a second lower gutter extending beyond the higher side wall of the upper gutter and having an upturned iange at its upper end, substantially as specified.

14. In a glazed structure, the combination, with the glazing-bars constructed with a lower tubular rail-section and an' upper tubular cap-sec tion, ot lap-bars extending into the lower sections of the glazing-bars, consisting of metal bent to form an upper platform havinga flange at one side, a perforated gutter beneath the same, and a second'lower gutter extending beyond one side ofthe upper gu-t. ter, the said lower gutter being provided with stantially as specified.

15. In a glazed'structure, the combination, with the glazing-bars constructed with a lower tubular rail-section and an opposed tubular cap-section, aud panes of glass clamped between the sections of the bars and overlapped at their ends, of lap-bars extending into the lower sections of the glazing-bars, consisting of metal bent to form an upper platform havinga flange at one side and adapted to support the lower end of the upper glass pane, a perforated glitter" ,beneath the sarnahavingI one wall Yof less height than the other, the upper edge of the lower glass pane being adapted to rest upon `the-shorter wall .of said gutter ond lowergutter extending beyond one side oi. the upper gutter, the said lower gutter being provided with openings leading into the glazing-bars, su bstantially as specified, whereby any vapor, rain, or melted snow finding its way between the Voverlapping joints of the glass panes will be conducted into the glazing-bars, as specified.

16. I n a glazed structure, an eaves-bar constructed substantially .as described, the same consisting of a metal plate bent to .forni a central flat body or beariuglsurface, an apertured trough at the vouter or'front side, the outer wall of which trough extendsbeyond theplane of the body-surface, and the perpendicular rear wall extending upward from the 'rear side of the body-surface and'having an outwardly-projecting flange substantially as specified.

1 7. In a glazed structure, an eaves-bar constructed substantially as described, the same trough at the outer erfreut side, the outer wall of which troughextends above the plane of the body-surface, aperp'endicular rear wall extending upward from the rear side of the body and provided with a forwardly-bent horizontal iange, the said' rear wall and its flange beingl recessed at intervals to receive the glazing-bars of the structure, substantially as specified.

18. lhe combination, with'an eaves-bar, the same consisting of a metal platebent to form a l'at body, an apertured trough Iat lthe for- .of which is projected abovethe plane of the body, anda perpendicular'wall extendingupward from the inner or rearside ofthe body, of an eaves-trough 'attached to the body of the eaves-bar and extendingbeneath and beyond .the trough-sectionpt said eaves-bar, substantially as specified.

19.' In a glazed structure, the combination,

structure and an eaves-'trough-secured tot-he and extend upward over the'sar'ne, and afseconI its upper edge,

. consisting of.a metal plate bent'to forma central fiat body or bearing-surface, anapertured ward or outer end of the body, the outer wall 'with the eaves-rail and eaves-frame of the" openings lcading'into the glazing-hars, sub- IIO rigs

same, ot anl eaves-bar also attached to the said rail and frame, consisting of a fiat body.

outer side of thebody projecting within the' eaVes-tronghf'and a wall extending. upward from the inner or rear side of the body and provided with a forwardly-disposed horizontai flange, the said wall and flange being recessed to receive the glazi ng-bars of the structrsnbstantiall y as and for the purpose specie l t y 2O. In a glazed structure, the combination, with the eaves-rail and the eaves'frame bar of a structure, and an eaves-trough secured to the said bar and rail, of an eavcs-bar consisting of a. vfiat body portion, an apertured trough formed at the outer side of the body projectingdownward'within the eaves-trough, the outer wall of which extends above said body, an upwardly-extending perpendicular Wall at the rear side of said body, provided with an upwardly-extendinghorizontal iiange, the said wall and flange being recessed at intervals, and lugs-formed upon. the outer or front wall of said eaves-bar opposite the said recesses, of glazing-bars, substantially as described,extending through the recesses of the caves-bar and contacting with the lugs thereon, an eyebolt located'within each of the glazin g-bars and passed through the forward walls of the eaves-bar, and a tie-bolt passed through the eyebolt and the eaves frame and bar, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

21. In a glazed strnctu re, the combination, with a series of glazing-bars arranged at each side of the ridge, of a ridge-bar curved at its top and recessed to receive the upperends of thc'glazing-bars, the metal of the said ridgeb arbeinp,I bentfronl the under face downward across the inner ends of the glazing-bars and.

beneath said Abars. for attachinentto the ridge angle-irons of the structure, substantially as shown and described.

22. In a glazed structure, the combination of a series of glazing-bars arranged at each side of the ridge and provided with recesses in their uppcr`ends, and a ridge-bar having a-cylindrical top recessed to receive and contact with the exterior of the glazingbar, the" metal of the said ridge-bar being carried dil agonally downward at each side covering the upper ends of: the glazing-bars, and also carried .within The recesses of said bars, forming an apertured gutter, and thence downward beneath the glazingnbars, and means, substanclamping-bolt located wit-hintbe ridgedmi.-

having an eye at its inner end, and athreaded 'outer end provided with a lock-nut extending through the flashing and reenforcing plates,

and a tie-bolt passed horizontally through the..

ridge-barand `the oye of the clamping-bolt, substantiall y as and for the purpose speci fied;

VILLIAM H. COULSON. Witnesses:

J. F. ACKER, Jr., EDGAR TATE. 

